Old and Middle English Period, Age and divisions of English literature
ক) T.S. Eliot
খ) William Wordsworth
গ) S. T. Coleridge
ঘ) P. B. Shelley
ক) T.S. Eliot
ব্যাখ্যা:
- অপশনে প্রদত্ত চারজন কবির মধ্যে তিনজনই রোমান্টিক যুগের। (১৭৯৮-১৮৩২)
- কিন্তু T. S. Eliot (১৮৮৮-১৯৬৫ ) হলেন modern age (১৯০১-১৯৩৯)-এর কবি।
- তিনি Modernist Poetry-এর অন্যতম পথিকৃৎ। তিনি Modernist Poet বলেও পরিচিত।
English Literature Periods:
450 - 1066 :- The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 :- The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 :- The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 :- The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 :- Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 :- Victorian Period
T.S. Eliot (1888-1965) is a modern poet, dramatist and critic.
He wrote some famous dramas such as-
-‘Murder in the Cathedral’(1935)
-The Family Reunion(1939)
-The Cocktail Party(1949)
He is known for, Objective correlative, a literary theory first set forth by T.S. Eliot in the essay “Hamlet and His Problems” and published in The Sacred Wood (1920).
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr. M. Mofizar Rahman
- কিন্তু T. S. Eliot (১৮৮৮-১৯৬৫ ) হলেন modern age (১৯০১-১৯৩৯)-এর কবি।
- তিনি Modernist Poetry-এর অন্যতম পথিকৃৎ। তিনি Modernist Poet বলেও পরিচিত।
English Literature Periods:
450 - 1066 :- The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 :- The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 :- The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 :- The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 :- Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 :- Victorian Period
T.S. Eliot (1888-1965) is a modern poet, dramatist and critic.
He wrote some famous dramas such as-
-‘Murder in the Cathedral’(1935)
-The Family Reunion(1939)
-The Cocktail Party(1949)
He is known for, Objective correlative, a literary theory first set forth by T.S. Eliot in the essay “Hamlet and His Problems” and published in The Sacred Wood (1920).
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr. M. Mofizar Rahman
ক) The Jacobean Period
খ) The Elizabethan Period
গ) The Anglo-Saxon Period
ঘ) The Restoration Period
খ) The Elizabethan Period
ব্যাখ্যা:
Elizabethan Age (1558-1603):
- This age is part of the renaissance period of English Literature.
- This age is named after Queen Elizabeth I who reigned over England from 1558 to 1603.
- This is called the Golden Age of English literature.
- Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, Thomas Kyd, Thomas Norton, Francis Bacon, etc are a famous literary figures of this period.
Other titles of this age:
- Glorious Period of English literature.
- Golden Period of English Drama.
- A nest of singing birds.
The Renaissance Period is divided into four shorter periods:
1. Elizabethan Age 1558 -1603
2. Jacobean Age 1603-1625
3. Caroline age 1625-1649
4. Commonwealth Period 1649-1660
Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr M Mofizar Rahman & Britannica
- This age is part of the renaissance period of English Literature.
- This age is named after Queen Elizabeth I who reigned over England from 1558 to 1603.
- This is called the Golden Age of English literature.
- Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, Thomas Kyd, Thomas Norton, Francis Bacon, etc are a famous literary figures of this period.
Other titles of this age:
- Glorious Period of English literature.
- Golden Period of English Drama.
- A nest of singing birds.
The Renaissance Period is divided into four shorter periods:
1. Elizabethan Age 1558 -1603
2. Jacobean Age 1603-1625
3. Caroline age 1625-1649
4. Commonwealth Period 1649-1660
Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr M Mofizar Rahman & Britannica
ক) 24
খ) 25
গ) 32
ঘ) 27
ক) 24
ব্যাখ্যা:
Canterbury Tales:
- রচনার ধরণ অনুযায়ী এটাকে Frame story বলা যায়।
- যদিও এটি মূলত: একটি কবিতা, এর মধ্যে প্রায় ২৪টি গল্প আছে।
- মোট চরিত্র হলো ৩০ জন।
-The Nun priest’s Tale:, The Knight’s Tale etc. ইত্যাদি হলো ২৪ টি গল্পের মধ্যে অন্যতম।
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400):
- The outstanding English poet before Shakespeare.
- His 'The Canterbury Tales' ranks as one of the greatest poetic works in English.
- He is called the father of Modern English Poetry.
Other Major works:
- 'Troilus and Criseyde',
- 'The Parlement of Foules',
- 'The Pardoner’s Tale',
- 'The Miller’s Tale',
- 'The Friar’s Tale',
- 'The Nun’s Priest’s Tale',
- 'The Clerk’s Tale',
- 'The Man of Law’s Tale',
- 'The Franklin’s Tale'.
Source: Britannica.com
- রচনার ধরণ অনুযায়ী এটাকে Frame story বলা যায়।
- যদিও এটি মূলত: একটি কবিতা, এর মধ্যে প্রায় ২৪টি গল্প আছে।
- মোট চরিত্র হলো ৩০ জন।
-The Nun priest’s Tale:, The Knight’s Tale etc. ইত্যাদি হলো ২৪ টি গল্পের মধ্যে অন্যতম।
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400):
- The outstanding English poet before Shakespeare.
- His 'The Canterbury Tales' ranks as one of the greatest poetic works in English.
- He is called the father of Modern English Poetry.
Other Major works:
- 'Troilus and Criseyde',
- 'The Parlement of Foules',
- 'The Pardoner’s Tale',
- 'The Miller’s Tale',
- 'The Friar’s Tale',
- 'The Nun’s Priest’s Tale',
- 'The Clerk’s Tale',
- 'The Man of Law’s Tale',
- 'The Franklin’s Tale'.
Source: Britannica.com
ক) The Edwardian period
খ) The post-modern period
গ) The Romantic Period
ঘ) The Georgian Period
খ) The post-modern period
ব্যাখ্যা:
The post-modern period of English literature: (1939-till now)
- The Latest Period of English Literature is the Post-Modern period, Which began during the time of the 2nd world war.
- এর আগের যুগটি হলো, The Modern English period . ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের বিবর্তনের ধারায় অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ন এই সময়টি।
The Modern Period (1901-1939) আবার দুই ভাগে বিভক্ত:
১. The Edwardian Period (1901-1910).
২. The Georgian Period (1910-1939).
source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
- The Latest Period of English Literature is the Post-Modern period, Which began during the time of the 2nd world war.
- এর আগের যুগটি হলো, The Modern English period . ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের বিবর্তনের ধারায় অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপূর্ন এই সময়টি।
The Modern Period (1901-1939) আবার দুই ভাগে বিভক্ত:
১. The Edwardian Period (1901-1910).
২. The Georgian Period (1910-1939).
source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) 1500-1660
খ) 1832-1901
গ) 1760-1785
ঘ) 1798-1832
ঘ) 1798-1832
ব্যাখ্যা:
English Literature Periods:
450 - 1066 :- The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 :- The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 :- The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 :- The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 :- The Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 :- The Victorian Period
1901 - 1939 :- The Modern Period
1939 - Present :- The Post Modern Period.
[Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr M Mofizar Rahman]
450 - 1066 :- The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 :- The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 :- The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 :- The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 :- The Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 :- The Victorian Period
1901 - 1939 :- The Modern Period
1939 - Present :- The Post Modern Period.
[Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr M Mofizar Rahman]
ক) a neo-classical novel
খ) a victorian novel
গ) a modern novel
ঘ) an Elizabethan novel
খ) a victorian novel
ব্যাখ্যা:
Victorian age:
-The Victorian period ranges from 1837 to 1901 i.e. the period of the reign of Queen Victoria.
- However, according to some critics this period in literature started in 1832, five years earlier than the reign of Queen Victoria.
- It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English.
Great Expectations is the famous Novel of Charles Dickens.
লেখক যেহেতু ভিক্টোরিয়ান যুগের, সেহেতু এটি একটি Victorian novel.
• The important character of this novel:
- Pip,
- Estella,
- Miss Havisham.
• Famous quotations of great expectation:
- The success is not mine, the failure is not mine, but the two together make me.
- Charity begins at home and Justice begins next door.
Charles Dickens's other famous novels -
- A Tale of Two Cities
- David Copperfield
- Bleak House
- Great Expectations
Source: Britannica and Enotes.com.
-The Victorian period ranges from 1837 to 1901 i.e. the period of the reign of Queen Victoria.
- However, according to some critics this period in literature started in 1832, five years earlier than the reign of Queen Victoria.
- It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English.
Great Expectations is the famous Novel of Charles Dickens.
লেখক যেহেতু ভিক্টোরিয়ান যুগের, সেহেতু এটি একটি Victorian novel.
• The important character of this novel:
- Pip,
- Estella,
- Miss Havisham.
• Famous quotations of great expectation:
- The success is not mine, the failure is not mine, but the two together make me.
- Charity begins at home and Justice begins next door.
Charles Dickens's other famous novels -
- A Tale of Two Cities
- David Copperfield
- Bleak House
- Great Expectations
Source: Britannica and Enotes.com.
ক) William Wordsworth
খ) Robert Browning
গ) John Milton
ঘ) Lord Byron
খ) Robert Browning
ব্যাখ্যা:
Victorian age:
-The Victorian period ranges from 1837 to 1901 i.e. the period of the reign of Queen Victoria.
- However, according to some critics this period in literature started in 1832, five years earlier than the reign of Queen Victoria.
- It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English.
- এই যুগে উপন্যাস রচনার প্রাধান্য বা আধিক্য থাকলেও এই যুগে বেশ কজন নামকরা কবিও রাজত্ব করেছেন। এদের মধ্যে অন্যতম:
☞ Robert Browning
☞ Mathew Arnold
☞ Lord Alfred Tennyson সহ আরো অনেকে।
Robert Browning (1812-89):
- He is famous for his dramatic monologues.
Best Works:
- Dramatic Lyrics (1842)
- Men and Women (1855)
- Dramatis Personae (1864)
Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr. M Mofizar Rahman
-The Victorian period ranges from 1837 to 1901 i.e. the period of the reign of Queen Victoria.
- However, according to some critics this period in literature started in 1832, five years earlier than the reign of Queen Victoria.
- It was in the Victorian era that the novel became the leading literary genre in English.
- এই যুগে উপন্যাস রচনার প্রাধান্য বা আধিক্য থাকলেও এই যুগে বেশ কজন নামকরা কবিও রাজত্ব করেছেন। এদের মধ্যে অন্যতম:
☞ Robert Browning
☞ Mathew Arnold
☞ Lord Alfred Tennyson সহ আরো অনেকে।
Robert Browning (1812-89):
- He is famous for his dramatic monologues.
Best Works:
- Dramatic Lyrics (1842)
- Men and Women (1855)
- Dramatis Personae (1864)
Source: An ABC of English Literature - Dr. M Mofizar Rahman
ক) Beowulf is a 14th-century epic.
খ) Beowulf is a Romantic epic.
গ) Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon epic.
ঘ) Beowulf is a Jacobean epic.
গ) Beowulf is an Anglo-Saxon epic.
ব্যাখ্যা:
Beowulf
- এটি মূলত: একটি Heroic poem.
- এটাকে বিবেচনা করা হয়, highest achievement of Anglo-Saxon/ Old English literature হিসাবে।
- এছাড়াও, এটাকে Earliest European vernacular epic ও বলা হয়।
- Beowulf এর লেখকের পরিচয় জানা যায় না।
- Beowulf কাব্য মোট দুটি অংশে বিভক্ত।
- নায়ক Beowulf এর তিনটি দু:সাহসিক অভিযানকে কেন্দ্র করে কাহিনী এগিয়ে চলে।
- ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রথম দীর্ঘ কবিতা এটি। মোট পংক্তিসংখ্যা ৩০০০ লাইনেরও অধিক।
- ডেনমার্ক এবং দক্ষিণ সুইডেন হচ্ছে কাহিনীর কেন্দ্রভূমি।
- এই কবিতার Scandinavian hero, Beowulf এর নাম অনুযায়ী পরে এই কবিতার নামকরণ করা হয়েছে।
Source: Live MCQ upcoming Literature & content Brtitannica.com
- এটি মূলত: একটি Heroic poem.
- এটাকে বিবেচনা করা হয়, highest achievement of Anglo-Saxon/ Old English literature হিসাবে।
- এছাড়াও, এটাকে Earliest European vernacular epic ও বলা হয়।
- Beowulf এর লেখকের পরিচয় জানা যায় না।
- Beowulf কাব্য মোট দুটি অংশে বিভক্ত।
- নায়ক Beowulf এর তিনটি দু:সাহসিক অভিযানকে কেন্দ্র করে কাহিনী এগিয়ে চলে।
- ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রথম দীর্ঘ কবিতা এটি। মোট পংক্তিসংখ্যা ৩০০০ লাইনেরও অধিক।
- ডেনমার্ক এবং দক্ষিণ সুইডেন হচ্ছে কাহিনীর কেন্দ্রভূমি।
- এই কবিতার Scandinavian hero, Beowulf এর নাম অনুযায়ী পরে এই কবিতার নামকরণ করা হয়েছে।
Source: Live MCQ upcoming Literature & content Brtitannica.com
ক) Alfred the Great
খ) Geoffery Chaucer
গ) Venerable Bede
ঘ) Roger Bacon
ক) Alfred the Great
ব্যাখ্যা:
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
- The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was written in The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066) which is the earliest prose of English Literature.
- Alfred the Great supervised the compilation of this.
Notable works of this age:
- Beowulf (earliest epic)
- The Wanderer
- The Seafarer
- The Husband's Message
- The Wife's Lament
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Britannica.com
- The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was written in The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1066) which is the earliest prose of English Literature.
- Alfred the Great supervised the compilation of this.
Notable works of this age:
- Beowulf (earliest epic)
- The Wanderer
- The Seafarer
- The Husband's Message
- The Wife's Lament
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman & Britannica.com
ক) 14th century
খ) 15th century
গ) 16th century
ঘ) 18th century
গ) 16th century
ব্যাখ্যা:
William Shakespeare:
- He was an English dramatist and poet of the sixteenth century.
- William Shakespeare was born on 23 April 1564 AD and died on 23 April 1616 AD.
- Birthplace: Stratford Avon.
- Shakespeare wrote a total of 37 plays and 154 sonnets.
William Shakespeare's famous tragedies are:
- Romeo and Juliet
- Julius Caesar
- Othello
- King Lear
- Macbeth etc
William Shakespeare's comedies:
- Measure for Measure (Dark Comedy)
- As You like It
- The Winter's Tales etc
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
- He was an English dramatist and poet of the sixteenth century.
- William Shakespeare was born on 23 April 1564 AD and died on 23 April 1616 AD.
- Birthplace: Stratford Avon.
- Shakespeare wrote a total of 37 plays and 154 sonnets.
William Shakespeare's famous tragedies are:
- Romeo and Juliet
- Julius Caesar
- Othello
- King Lear
- Macbeth etc
William Shakespeare's comedies:
- Measure for Measure (Dark Comedy)
- As You like It
- The Winter's Tales etc
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) 1605
খ) 1603
গ) 1602
ঘ) 1601
খ) 1603
ব্যাখ্যা:
The Renaissance Period (1558-1660) is divided into four shorter periods.
Such as–
- Elizabethan Period (1558-1603)
- Jacobean Period (1603-1625)
- Caroline Period (1625-1649)
- Commonwealth Period (1649-1660)
Famous writers of Jacobean Period (1603-1625) are-
- John Donne
- Andrew Marvell
- George Herbert etc.
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
Such as–
- Elizabethan Period (1558-1603)
- Jacobean Period (1603-1625)
- Caroline Period (1625-1649)
- Commonwealth Period (1649-1660)
Famous writers of Jacobean Period (1603-1625) are-
- John Donne
- Andrew Marvell
- George Herbert etc.
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) The father of English novel
খ) The father of English poetry
গ) The father of English essay
ঘ) The representative poet of the 16th century
খ) The father of English poetry
ব্যাখ্যা:
Geoffrey Chaucer:
- Poet Geoffrey Chaucer was born circa 1340, most likely at his parents’ house on Thames Street in London, England.
- The Canterbury Tales became his best-known and most acclaimed work.
- He was the representative poet of the 14th century.
The other titles Chaucer owns:
- Father of English Language
- Father of English Literature
- Father of English Modern Poetry
- The first great English storyteller.
Source: Britannica.
- Poet Geoffrey Chaucer was born circa 1340, most likely at his parents’ house on Thames Street in London, England.
- The Canterbury Tales became his best-known and most acclaimed work.
- He was the representative poet of the 14th century.
The other titles Chaucer owns:
- Father of English Language
- Father of English Literature
- Father of English Modern Poetry
- The first great English storyteller.
Source: Britannica.
ক) Augustan period
খ) The restoration period
গ) Age of Sensibility
ঘ) Commonwealth period
ঘ) Commonwealth period
ব্যাখ্যা:
The Commonwealth period is one of the parts of the Renaissance period of English literature.
এছাড়া অপশনে প্রদত্ত বাকীগুলো The neo-Classical period এর অন্তর্ভুক্ত।
The neo-Classical period (1660-1798) is divided into 3 short periods. Such as-
1. Restoration Age (1660-1700).
2. Augustan Period/The Age of Pope (1700-1745).
3. Age of Sensibility (1745-1785).
Important Authors from the Restoration period are:
- Samuel Butler
- John Bunyan
- John Dryden
- William Wycherley
- William Congreve
- George Farquhar
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
এছাড়া অপশনে প্রদত্ত বাকীগুলো The neo-Classical period এর অন্তর্ভুক্ত।
The neo-Classical period (1660-1798) is divided into 3 short periods. Such as-
1. Restoration Age (1660-1700).
2. Augustan Period/The Age of Pope (1700-1745).
3. Age of Sensibility (1745-1785).
Important Authors from the Restoration period are:
- Samuel Butler
- John Bunyan
- John Dryden
- William Wycherley
- William Congreve
- George Farquhar
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) Victorian Period
খ) Renaissance Period
গ) Elizabethan period
ঘ) Romantic Period
ঘ) Romantic Period
ব্যাখ্যা:
English Literature Periods:
450 - 1066 : The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 : The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 : The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 : The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 : Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 : Victorian Period
Among them, Romantic Period is the shortest period of English literature.
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
450 - 1066 : The Old English Period
1066 - 1500 : The Middle English Period
1500 - 1660 : The Renaissance Period
1660 - 1785 : The Neoclassical Period
1798 - 1832 : Romantic Period
1832 - 1901 : Victorian Period
Among them, Romantic Period is the shortest period of English literature.
Source: An ABC of English Literature, Dr. M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) John Gower
খ) John Wycliffe
গ) Thomas Lodge
ঘ) Richard Lovelace
খ) John Wycliffe
ব্যাখ্যা:
John Wycliffe translated “The New Testament”.
- John Wycliffe(1330 - 1384), English theologian, philosopher, church reformer, and promoter John Wycliffe is widely considered one of the medieval forerunners of the Protestant Reformation.
- His criticism of the practices and beliefs of the church foreshadowed those of later reformers.
- Wycliffe also directed a translation of the Bible into English.
Wycliffe's other works include:
-The Last Age of the Church (1356)
- De Logica (''On Logic'') (1360)
- De Universalibus (''On Universals'') 1368
- De Dominio Divino (1373)
Source: Britannica.com
- John Wycliffe(1330 - 1384), English theologian, philosopher, church reformer, and promoter John Wycliffe is widely considered one of the medieval forerunners of the Protestant Reformation.
- His criticism of the practices and beliefs of the church foreshadowed those of later reformers.
- Wycliffe also directed a translation of the Bible into English.
Wycliffe's other works include:
-The Last Age of the Church (1356)
- De Logica (''On Logic'') (1360)
- De Universalibus (''On Universals'') 1368
- De Dominio Divino (1373)
Source: Britannica.com
ক) Robert Browning
খ) Sir Thomas Malory
গ) William Sydney Porter
ঘ) Lord Alfred Tennyson
খ) Sir Thomas Malory
ব্যাখ্যা:
Morte D' Arthur (poem) - Lord Alfred Tennyson
Morte D' Arthur (prose) - Sir Thomas Malory
Morte D' Arthur (prose) - Sir Thomas Malory
ক) King James-1
খ) King James-2
গ) Prince Jacob
ঘ) King Henry
ক) King James-1
ব্যাখ্যা:
Jacobean Period:
1603 থেকে 1625 সাল পর্যন্ত সময় কালকে ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের ইতিহাসে Jacobean Period হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়।
- The age is named after King James 1 যিনি 1603-1625 সাল পর্যন্ত England এর উপর রাজত্ব করেছিলেন।
- The word 'Jacobean' is the latin version of ‘James’.
- Jacobean Age মূলত The Renaissance Period এর অন্তর্গত।
- The Renaissance Period এর ব্যাপ্তিকাল ছিল 160 বছর এবং চারটি ছোট যুগে বিভক্ত ছিল -
• Elizabethan Age
• Jacobean Age
• Caroline Age
• Commonwealth Age
- কিছু কিছু Historian, Jacobean Age এর শেষ পাঁচ বছরকে Puritan Age হিসেবে ধরে থাকেন। They call it so because between 1620-1660 Puritanism became the driving force in the life and Literature of England.
• Jacobean Age এর অধিকাংশ writers Elizabethan Period এ সাহিত্যকর্ম শুরু করেন এবং পরবর্তী যুগ অর্থাৎ Jacobean Period পর্যন্ত চালিয়ে যান।
যেমন -
- William Shakespeare, who had started writing in the Elizabethan Period, wrote twelve serious plays in this period.
- Ben Jonson and Francis Bacon also started writing in the Elizabethan period and continue to write in the Jacobean Age.
তাছাড়া অন্য লেখকদের মধ্যে -
- John Webster
- Cyril Tourneur
- John Donne
- George Herbert
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
1603 থেকে 1625 সাল পর্যন্ত সময় কালকে ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের ইতিহাসে Jacobean Period হিসেবে বিবেচনা করা হয়।
- The age is named after King James 1 যিনি 1603-1625 সাল পর্যন্ত England এর উপর রাজত্ব করেছিলেন।
- The word 'Jacobean' is the latin version of ‘James’.
- Jacobean Age মূলত The Renaissance Period এর অন্তর্গত।
- The Renaissance Period এর ব্যাপ্তিকাল ছিল 160 বছর এবং চারটি ছোট যুগে বিভক্ত ছিল -
• Elizabethan Age
• Jacobean Age
• Caroline Age
• Commonwealth Age
- কিছু কিছু Historian, Jacobean Age এর শেষ পাঁচ বছরকে Puritan Age হিসেবে ধরে থাকেন। They call it so because between 1620-1660 Puritanism became the driving force in the life and Literature of England.
• Jacobean Age এর অধিকাংশ writers Elizabethan Period এ সাহিত্যকর্ম শুরু করেন এবং পরবর্তী যুগ অর্থাৎ Jacobean Period পর্যন্ত চালিয়ে যান।
যেমন -
- William Shakespeare, who had started writing in the Elizabethan Period, wrote twelve serious plays in this period.
- Ben Jonson and Francis Bacon also started writing in the Elizabethan period and continue to write in the Jacobean Age.
তাছাড়া অন্য লেখকদের মধ্যে -
- John Webster
- Cyril Tourneur
- John Donne
- George Herbert
Source: An ABC of English Literature by Dr M Mofizar Rahman.
ক) 1785
খ) 1660
গ) 1560
ঘ) 1800
খ) 1660
ব্যাখ্যা:
The Renaissance period starts from 1500 AD and ends at 1660 AD.
The Renaissance Period (1500-1660) is divided into four main periods.
1. Elizabethan Period (1558-1603),
2. Jacobean Period (1603-1625),
3. Caroline Period (1625-1649) and
4. Commonwealth Period (1649-1660).
Source: Britannica.com
The Renaissance Period (1500-1660) is divided into four main periods.
1. Elizabethan Period (1558-1603),
2. Jacobean Period (1603-1625),
3. Caroline Period (1625-1649) and
4. Commonwealth Period (1649-1660).
Source: Britannica.com
ক) The Nun's Priest's Tale
খ) The Canterbury Tales
গ) Troilus and Cressida
ঘ) The House of Fame
গ) Troilus and Cressida
ব্যাখ্যা:
Troilus and Cressida is a play by William Shakespeare.
On the other hand, Troilus and Criseyde is an epic poem written by Geoffrey Chaucer.
এছাড়া অপশনে প্রদত্ত বাকী সাহিত্যকর্মগুলো Geoffrey Chaucer এর।
Source: Britannica.com
On the other hand, Troilus and Criseyde is an epic poem written by Geoffrey Chaucer.
এছাড়া অপশনে প্রদত্ত বাকী সাহিত্যকর্মগুলো Geoffrey Chaucer এর।
Source: Britannica.com
ক) King Alfred The Great
খ) Geoffrey Chaucer
গ) Cynewulf
ঘ) Anonymous
ঘ) Anonymous
ব্যাখ্যা:
Beowulf
- Beowulf এর লেখকের পরিচয় জানা যায় না। সুতরাং, Anonymous বা অজ্ঞাত লেখকের দ্বারা একটি লিখিত।
- এটি মূলত: একটি Heroic poem.
- এটাকে বিবেচনা করা হয়, highest achievement of Anglo-Saxon/ Old English literature হিসাবে।
- এছাড়াও, এটাকে Earliest European vernacular epic ও বলা হয়।
- Beowulf কাব্য মোট দুটি অংশে বিভক্ত।
- নায়ক Beowulf এর তিনটি দু:সাহসিক অভিযানকে কেন্দ্র করে কাহিনী এগিয়ে চলে।
- ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রথম দীর্ঘ কবিতা এটি। মোট পংক্তিসংখ্যা ৩০০০ লাইনেরও অধিক।
- ডেনমার্ক এবং দক্ষিণ সুইডেন হচ্ছে কাহিনীর কেন্দ্রভূমি।
- এই কবিতার Scandinavian hero, Beowulf এর নাম অনুযায়ী পরে এই কবিতার নামকরণ করা হয়েছে।
Source: Live MCQ upcoming Literature & content Brtitannica.com
- Beowulf এর লেখকের পরিচয় জানা যায় না। সুতরাং, Anonymous বা অজ্ঞাত লেখকের দ্বারা একটি লিখিত।
- এটি মূলত: একটি Heroic poem.
- এটাকে বিবেচনা করা হয়, highest achievement of Anglo-Saxon/ Old English literature হিসাবে।
- এছাড়াও, এটাকে Earliest European vernacular epic ও বলা হয়।
- Beowulf কাব্য মোট দুটি অংশে বিভক্ত।
- নায়ক Beowulf এর তিনটি দু:সাহসিক অভিযানকে কেন্দ্র করে কাহিনী এগিয়ে চলে।
- ইংরেজি সাহিত্যের প্রথম দীর্ঘ কবিতা এটি। মোট পংক্তিসংখ্যা ৩০০০ লাইনেরও অধিক।
- ডেনমার্ক এবং দক্ষিণ সুইডেন হচ্ছে কাহিনীর কেন্দ্রভূমি।
- এই কবিতার Scandinavian hero, Beowulf এর নাম অনুযায়ী পরে এই কবিতার নামকরণ করা হয়েছে।
Source: Live MCQ upcoming Literature & content Brtitannica.com